Ethyl acetate and acetone are two fast-evaporating solvents widely used in industry. Both appear in coatings, inks, adhesives and cleaning applications. This similarity often leads people to consider one in place of the other, yet their chemical classes, odours and solvency behaviour differ. In this article we summarise the main differences between ethyl acetate and acetone.
Identity
- Ethyl acetate: also known as ethyl ethanoate. CAS 141-78-6. Molecular formula C4H8O2. A solvent of the ester class.
- Acetone: also known as propanone. CAS 67-64-1. Molecular formula C3H6O. A solvent of the ketone class.
Chemical class: ester and ketone
Ethyl acetate is an ester derived from ethanol and acetic acid. Acetone is the simplest ketone. This difference in class affects how the two solvents interact with different materials and in which formulations they are preferred. Ester and ketone solvents can show different solvency behaviour towards resins and polymers.
Evaporation
Both belong to the group of fast-evaporating solvents. Acetone usually evaporates faster than ethyl acetate. Evaporation rate affects drying time and film formation in coating and ink applications. Because a very fast-evaporating solvent can cause surface defects in some applications, formulations may combine solvents that evaporate at different rates.
Odour
Ethyl acetate has a fruity, sweetish odour. Acetone’s odour is sharp and characteristic. Odour can be a selection criterion, especially in applications carried out in enclosed spaces and where residual odour in the final product matters.
Miscibility with water
Acetone mixes with water in all proportions. Ethyl acetate has limited solubility in water. This difference affects solvent choice in cleaning applications and water-containing formulations.
Applications
Ethyl acetate:
- Flexible packaging inks and printing
- Coating and varnish formulations
- Adhesive formulations
- Various industrial formulations
Acetone:
- Surface cleaning and degreasing
- Thinning resins and coatings
- Cleaning equipment and tools
- Chemical intermediate and various formulations
Which one, and when?
The choice depends on the requirements of the application. When a fast, strong cleaning solvent is needed, acetone is often considered. In ink, coating and adhesive formulations, ethyl acetate is a common option. The solvent’s compatibility with the material it will be applied to should always be checked in advance; some plastics and painted surfaces can be affected by certain solvents.
Handling precautions
Ethyl acetate and acetone are flammable liquids. They should be stored in closed containers, in well-ventilated areas away from ignition sources. Suitable personal protective equipment should be worn during use and the instructions in the safety data sheet (SDS) followed. For general information, see our article Storage and Transport of Industrial Solvents.
Practical questions for choosing
A few questions guide the choice between ethyl acetate and acetone: What material is to be dissolved or what surface cleaned? How important is evaporation rate during the application? What are the odour and working conditions? Which solvent are the equipment and gaskets in use compatible with? The answers help determine which solvent is more suitable for your application.
When deciding, reviewing the technical data sheet and safety data sheet of both products is recommended. Small-scale trials under your own conditions also support the right choice. You can send your ethyl acetate or acetone request, stating your application, via the quote form.
Frequently asked questions
Can ethyl acetate be used instead of acetone?
It can be considered in some applications; but because evaporation, odour and solvency behaviour differ, confirming it by trial for the application is recommended.
Which evaporates faster?
Acetone usually evaporates faster than ethyl acetate.
Conclusion
Ethyl acetate is an ester and acetone a ketone; although both are fast-evaporating solvents, they differ in odour, water miscibility and applications. For details, see our Ethyl Acetate, Acetone and Solvents pages, and send your needs via the quote form.